Authorising use of a computer program

ABSTRACT

A method of authorizing use of a computer program only able to be used when an authorized message is received from an authorizing system. The method includes providing an authorization system, making a request to use a computer program, signalling the request to the authorization system, the authorization system recording the use of the computer program and providing the authorization message to the computer program upon receipt of the authorization message the computer program may be used.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to authorising use of a computer program, in particular the present invention relates to a method of authorising use of a computer program, a computer configured to authorise the use of a computer program and a computer readable media on which is stored computer software for authorising use of a computer program.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

There is an increasing need for securing and protection of computer programs and other digital products. This is reflected in an increasing demand for a “pay as you use” payment arrangement for licensed use of computer software. It is known for a server to provide application software to a plurality of client's machines. Under this model it is possible to provide a “pay as you use” method of software licensing. Current pricing models used for the payment of software applications are based on per user and seat licensing agreements that are complex, restrictive and inefficient, especially for client server and application service provider software delivery. “Pay as you use” pricing is demanded by software users for its simplicity, cost effectiveness and flexibility.

There is therefore a need for an alternative method of providing a software licensing system that allows for each user of the software to correspond a payment for that use. The licensed software needs to be able to be prevented from use unless authorised, to allow for inter alia payment for using the software.

SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to provide a method of authorising use of a computer program in a manner suitable for implementing inter alia a “pay as you use” licensing system.

According to the present invention there is provided a method of authorising use of a computer program, said method including the steps of:

-   -   providing an authorisation system;     -   recording an identifier of a computer program to be authorised         for use with the authorisation system;     -   a user registering with the authorisation system and receiving a         user identification from the authorisation system;     -   the authorisation system recording an arrangement that relates         to the authorised use of the computer program by the user;     -   the user making a request to use the computer program;     -   the computer program identifier and user identification being         sent to the authorisation system in a login request message;     -   the authorisation system verifying the identity of the user from         the user login identification and checking the arrangement to         determine whether the user is authorised to use the computer         program identified by the computer program identifier;     -   the authorisation system recording the information sent with the         request message;     -   if the user is verified and authorised to use the computer         program, then a user authorisation message is sent to the         computer program, otherwise an authorisation denied message is         sent to the computer program;     -   whereby upon receipt of the authorisation message the computer         program may be used by the user.

Also, according to the present invention there is provided a method of authorised use of a computer program, said method including the steps of:

-   -   providing an authorisation system;     -   providing an interface for passing messages between the computer         program and the authorisation system;     -   recording an identifier of the computer program to be authorised         for use with the authorisation system;     -   a user registering with the authorisation system and receiving a         user identification from the authorisation system;     -   the authorisation system recording an arrangement that relates         to the authorised user of the computer program by the user;     -   the user making a request to user the computer program;     -   sending the user identification to the authorisation system in a         login request message;     -   the authorisation system verifying the identity of the user from         the user login identification;     -   if the identity of the user is verified, then sending a login         successful message to the interface;     -   if a login successful message is received by the interface, then         sending the computer program identifier to the authorisation         system in a computer program use request message;     -   recording the information sent in the user request message;     -   the authorisation system checking the arrangement to determine         whether the user is authorised to use the computer program         identified by the computer program identifier;     -   if the user is authorised to use the computer program, then a         use authorisation message is sent to the computer program,         otherwise an authorisation denied message is sent to the         computer program;     -   whereby upon receipt of the authorisation message the computer         program may be used by the user.

Preferably the computer program is a sub-component of a software application. More preferably the login request message is sent to the authorisation system when the user requests to use the software application and the authorisation request message is sent to the authorisation system when the user requests to use the sub-component of the software application.

Preferable the method includes the steps of:

-   -   the computer program sending a use message to the authorisation         system indicting that the computer program is being used;     -   the authorisation system recording the user message against the         identified user.

Preferably the method includes the steps of:

-   -   the computer program sending a request to the authorisation         system to incur a charge for the use of the computer program;     -   the authorisation system recording a charge against the         identified user for use of the computer program.

Preferably the authorisation system records whether the user is verified, whether the user is authorised to use the computer program and a time stamp.

Preferably the authorisation denied message includes information relating to the reason for denying use of the computer program. Preferably if an authorisation denied message is sent to the computer program, then the computer program determines how to process based on information relating to the reason for denying use of the computer program.

Preferably the arrangement permits use of computer program by a class of user. Preferably the arrangement specifies whether the user is charged for use of the computer program. Preferably the charge for use of the computer program is determined by the terms of the arrangement for use of the computer program by the use.

Preferably the charge for use of the computer program is recorded in usage units.

Preferably a rate of charging usage units for the us of the computer program is recorded in the authorisation system. A different rate of charge may be applied to different computer programs.

Preferably the usage units are charged by the authorisation system upon receipt of the request to charge for the use of the computer program.

Preferably the request to the authorisation system for charge of usage units is sent once per use of the computer program. Alternately the request to the authorisation system to charge usage units is sent once per specified period during the use of the computer program.

Preferably the user purchases usage units in advance of use of the computer program, the usage unit total being reduced by each charge, use being authorised only while there are a positive number of usage units left.

Preferably the authorisation message is encrypted. Preferably, the communication between the interface program and the authorisation system is encrypted. Preferably messages to and from the authorisation system includes a unique component that is only valid for a single use, so that the message can't be duplicated and used again.

Preferably the user identification is obtained from the user by providing the user with a login prompt, the user entering the login identification provided by the authorisation system, the entered user identification being included in the login request.

Preferably an interface program signals the login request to the authorisation system. Preferably the interface program is a separate program called by the computer program being authorised as part of the initialisation of the authorised computer program. In one embodiment the interface program forms part of the computer program and is started when a user attempts to use the computer program. In another alternative embodiment, the interface program is part of an operating system and is started when a user attempts to use the computer program.

Preferably the authorisation system is at a location remote from a computer running the activated computer program. More preferably, the computer running the activated computer program also runs the interface program, the interface program communicates with the authorisation system over a computer network.

Preferably the authorisation system is configured to record and authorise a plurality of computer programs. Typically, the authorisation system is configured to record and authorise a plurality of uses of the same computer program.

In one embodiment the authorisation is provided for each activation of the computer program. Typically, a charge is generated for each use of the computer program. In another embodiment, the authorisation is required periodically, wherein at the end of a period of time specified in the computer program from the last authorisation, a request to charge the usage units is sent to the authorisation system for a further authorisation, the authorisation system sends each further authorisation and records the use for each period, whereby a charge is generated for each authorisation message sent.

In yet another embodiment, when the computer program is finished, a terminate message is sent to the authorisation system, the authorisation system records the duration of the use of the computer program between the authorisation message is sent to the computer program until the terminate message is received, whereby a charge in PUs is generated for use of the computer program corresponding to the recorded duration.

According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a distributed system for authorising use of a computer program, said system comprising at least:

-   -   an authorisation system, with a storage means for recording an         identifier of a computer program to be authorised for use with         the authorisation system and recording a user identification;     -   a computer for running the computer program;     -   the computer being configured to send the identifier of the         computer program and user identification to the authorisation         system in a login request message when the user makes a request         to use the computer program;     -   the authorisation system being configured to verify the identity         of the user from the recorded user login identification and         check that the user is authorised to use the computer program         identified by the recorded computer program identifier;     -   the authorisation system configured to record the information         sent with the request message;     -   the authorisation system being configured to send a login         authorised message to the computer if the user is verified and         authorised to use the computer program and otherwise send an         authorisation denied message to the computer;     -   whereby the computer is configured to continue use of the         computer program upon receipt of the authorisation message but         otherwise terminate the use of the computer program.

Preferably the computer is configured to sending a request to the authorisation system to record a charge or the use of the computer program against the identified user for use of the computer program.

Preferably the computer storage means records the rate of charge for the use of the computer program.

Preferably the authorisation system records a charge against the user upon receipt of the request to charge for use of the computer program.

Preferably the computer is configured to send a request to the authorisation system to charge the user once per use of the computer program.

Preferably the computer is configured to send a request to the authorisation system to charge the user is sent once per specified period during the use of the computer program.

Preferably the computer is the communication between the computer program and the authorisation system is encrypted.

Preferably the computer and authorisation system are configured to include a unique component in the encrypted messages communicated therebetween.

Preferably the authorisation system is at a location remote from a computer running the activated computer program.

Preferably the computer running the activated computer program also runs the interface program, an interface program that communicates with the authorisation system over a computer network.

Preferably the authorisation system is configured to record and authorise a plurality of computer program.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to provide a better understanding, preferred embodiments of the present invention will now described in detail, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a system that enables the authorisation of use of a computer program in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 a is a state diagram showing the states of a server waiting for a login;

FIG. 2 b is a state diagram showing the states of a run time license consumption session;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the method of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic timing diagram of message passing between components of the system of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic timing diagram of an alternative method of message passing between components of the system of FIG. 1; and

FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing the registration of a user and a software application for use with the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Referring to FIG. 1, a system 10 is shown for authorising use of a computer program, such as a software application 12 on a computer 14. The computer program may be a sub-component of a larger software application. A user 5 activates the software application 12 for execution on the computer 14. The software application 12 calls an interface program 16, known as a Software Application Interface Library program (SAIL). The SAIL 16 communicates with an on-line server 18 via a network, such as the Internet 20. An authorisation system 22 is running on the server 18. The authorisation system 22 is called a Software Application License Manager Over Networks (SALMON) system. It is noted that the computer platform need not be the same as the server, likewise operating systems of the computer and the server need not be the same. The SALMON system 22 is able to handle many software applications on a plurality of computers, each having a SAIL interfacing with the SALMON system 22, via a communication network, such as the Internet 20. The SALMON system 22 communicates with the SAIL 16 to determine whether the user is authorised to use the software application 12. There is a one to one relationship between the user and the instance of the software application. This allows for each user to be charged for each use of the software application.

The SAIL 16 is provided to a software vendor that wishes to use the system 10 of the present invention. The software vendor incorporates calls to the SAIL 16 in the vendor's computer program.

The computer program or software application 12 is written to be disabled from use until the user 5 is identified to the SALMON 22 using a login routine of the SAIL 16 and receives an authorisation message from the SALMON system 22. The authorisation message operates as a once off run time license. The SAIL 16 sends another authorisation message to the software application 12 when it receives the authorised message from the SALMON system 22.

Specifically, when the software application is started, it calls a login sub-routine of the SAIL 16. The application waits for the SAIL login sub-routine to return a message indicating that the user is logged in. A software vendor wanting to charge for use of the software can decide the price of use. It may be free, parts of the software may be charged for, or all of the software may be charged for. The cost may be charged on each start-up of the application, on a time basis or on a per function basis. Different users may be charged different rates. A user is charged for using a program use run-time license unit (RTL). The SAIL 16, once logged in, can send a message to the SALMON system 22 to record usage of the computer program/software application according the payment scheme desired.

Referring to FIG. 3, which shows the operation of the present invention in the form of a flow chart. The flow chart starts at 202 where a user wishes to run a software application. The user activates the software application in the normal manner at 204. The software application interfaces with the SAIL 16 to validate the user at 206 via a login request message which is encrypted with a public key at 208 by the SAIL 16. The encrypted login request message is communicated over a network 210, such as the internet, and is then decrypted with a private key at 212 in a server running the SALMON system 22. The SALMON system 22 validates the user name, password and the status of the application at 214. If the user is valid and authorised to use the software application, a logged-in confirmation message is encrypted with a public key at 216 and sent across the network 210. It is decrypted at 218 with a private key by the SAIL 16.

If the validation is successful, as indicated by 220, the application continues at 222. If the software vendor wishes the user to pay for the use of the software application, the steps from 224 take place. The account creditability is validated at 226. The SAIL 16 sends a public key encrypted “allocate a charge” message at 228 over the network 210. The message is then decrypted with a private key at 230. The account is checked to determine whether sufficient RTLs are available. If so, the required number of RTLs are debited at 232. A charged confirmation message is encrypted with a public key and sent at 234 across the network 210 and decrypted at 236 with a private key. If the validation is successful the application continues at 238, otherwise it terminates at 240.

The method of encryption of transmitted messages involves the inclusion of a unique component so that a message is valid only once. Each message is in the form of a binary number to be sent between the SAIL 16 and the SALMON system 22. A random number is added to the message. A digestion routine takes the data from the message and the random number to produce a digestion value. The digestion value is computed in such a way that finding an input that will exactly generate a given digest is computationally infeasible. The message data, the random number and the digestion value are then encrypted using a public key. The message is the transmitted. The received message is then decrypted using a private key. The decrypted message is then separated in to individual components. The message can be validated by using the same digestion formula on the message and random number components to check the digestion result calculated against the digestion value received. If the values are the same the message is considered valid, otherwise it is considered invalid. This process provides a different date sequence for each message even if the same acknowledgment message is sent each time. In this way each message includes a unique value which can only be used once. Thus if the message is duplicated it will no longer by valid and will be rejected.

The SALMON system 22 may be configured to allow many users to be authorised at the same time for one or more software application. The software vendor may allow up to a predetermined number of users to login for a particular software application. For each authorised user allowed a login a login resource is allocated in the SALMON system 22. Each available login resource, a login daemon process will be waiting for a user to login.

Referring to FIG. 2 a, until a login is received each of the login daemon processes remains in a not logged in state 30. Once a login 32 is received the SALMON system 22 enters a logged in state 34. A routine “Can consume RTL” 35 checks to see whether RTLs may be consumed, until the user 5 logs out at 38, whereupon the login resource of the SALMON system 22 re-enters the not logged in state 30. Thus checking that sufficient funds (in the form of RTLs) are available can be a criterion for authorisation.

FIG. 2 b shows the consumption of RTLs in the logged in state 34. A routine “ConsumeRTL” 42 consumes RTLs on the successful verification by SALMON system 22. If there are sufficient RTLs and it is a valid transaction. At the completion of the use of software application pending logout, or once all available RTLs are consumed, the user logs out 38.

A user of the software application using the on-line pay as you use model must first be registered with the on-line SALMON system 22. They will be provided with a user name and password so that the SALMON system 22 can identify them and the login details verified.

The login of the user is to verify that the user is logged with the on-line SALMON system 22 before being able to proceed with use of the software. The software application logs out from the SALMON system 22 in order to provide a clean exit. Generally, only one login session per user should be active, a previous session must be logged out before another login session can begin.

Referring to FIG. 4, the passing of messages is now described. A user 5 activates a software application 12 thereby creating 50 an instance of the software application 12. The software application 12 then creates 52 an instance of the SAIL 16. The software application 12 requests details from the user 5 at 54. The user 5 enters a user name and password at 56. The software application calls a “SAIL-login” routine of the SAIL 16 at 58. The SAIL 16 then establishes a connection, via the Internet 20, to the SALMON system 22. The SAIL-login routine then passes the user name, password and an identification of the software to the SALMON system 22. Once confirming that the login details are correct, the SALMON 22 sends a login “OK” message at 62 to the SAIL 16 which then at 64 sends an “OK” message to the software application 12.

Depending on the model that the software vendor wishes to use the charge for use of the software an appropriate scheme of using RTLs will be used. The scheme described in relation to FIG. 4 is for a one-off charge for use of the software application. Other schemes will be described below.

The software application 12 then sends a one-off request to consume an RTL at 66. This request is a SAIL-consume RTL call. The SAIL-consume RTL sends a consume RTL message to the SALMON system 22 at 68. The SALMON system 22 records the request to consume RTL and sends an authorisation message at 70 to the SAIL 16, The SAIL 16 then passes the OK message at 72 to the software application 12. The software application 12 then begins to log out of the SAIL 16 at 74. The logout message is then passed from the SAIL 16 to the SALMON system 22 at 76. A Logout confirmation message is then passed from the SALMON system 22 to the SAIL 16 at 78. The logout confirmation message is then sent from the SAIL 16 to software application 12 at 80. The software application 12 may then terminate the SAIL program 16 at 82. The user 5 may proceed with use of the software application 12 at 84. Once the user has finished with the software application 12 it may then be terminated at 86.

The recording of the consumption of a one-off consumption of an RTL creates a charge for the one-off use of the software application 12. This charge may be deducted from an amount of RTLs held in credit for the user 5 or may be billed to the user 5.

Different software applications may request the consumption of different numbers of RTLs. For example a word processing application may consume five RTLs whereas a spreadsheet may consume 10. As mentioned above, the software being authorised need only be a sub-component of a large software application. For example, a print function may be regarded as the computer program being authorised. For each use of the print function a charge is accrued. A user 5 may also be entitled to a discount such as, for example, if they are a high volume user. The number of RTLs may then be multiplied by a user discount to produce a final number of RTLs deducted from the user's account.

Referring to FIG. 5, the periodic consumption of RTLs is described. Periodic consumption of RTLs may be consumed at a different rate to one-off consumption of RTLs. Like numerals depict like actions from FIG. 4. Again the user 5 starts the software application 50 which creates the instance of the SAIL 16 at 52. Login is requested at 54 and login details are provided to the SAIL 16 at 56. The login details are then passed from the software application to SAIL 16 at 58 and then onto the SALMON system 22 at 60. The confirmation of login is passed from the SALMON system 22 to the SAIL 16 at 62, and from the SAIL 16 to the software application 64. The user may proceed with the normal use of the application at 84. In the meantime, the software application 12 makes periodic requests to the SAIL 16 for the consumption of an RTL at 98. The SAIL 16 passes the request to the SALMON system 22 at 100. The confirmation of the recording of the consumption of the RTL occurs in the SALMON system 22 and the confirmation of this is then passed from the SALMON system 22 to the SAIL 16 at 102 and then from the SAIL 16 to software application 12 at 104.

At the end of each period a further RTL is consumed as indicated by 106, 108, 110 and 112. When the user has finished with the application, a command is sent to exit from the application 12 at 86. The software application then sends the logout message to the SAIL 16 at 74 which is sent on at 76 to the SALMON system 22. Confirmation of the logout is sent from the SALMON system 22 to the SAIL 16 at 78 and then from the SAIL 16 to the software application 12 at 80, whereupon the software application may end the instance of the SAIL 16 at 82 and then shut itself down.

As an alternative the software application 12 may specify the period to the SAIL 16 and the SAIL 16 handles the operation of sending consume RTL messages to the SALMON system 22 for deduction RTLs from the users account.

The number of periodic RTLs consumed is recorded and a corresponding charge generated. The total charge for the session is deducted from an account or billed out. RTLs may use currency units, the consumption of RTLs is in itself payment. The charge for the consumption of each RTL can be arranged by agreement between the software vendor and the system operator.

The SALMON system 22 may be configured to allow many users to be authorised at the same time for one or more software applications. FIG. 6 shows a flow chart setting out the establishment of a pay-as-you-use registration according to the present invention. The flow chart begins at 302 where a user wishes to use a software application utilising the system of the present invention. If the user is registered with the administrators of the authorisation SALMON system 22 they proceed down path 304 otherwise they need to register with the administrator, in this case “OPTIMISER” at 306. An on-line registration site is made available over the Internet at 308, where the user can register to use a single software application 310 or a range of software applications 312. A subscription fee is paid at 314 or 316 depending on whether the user selects a single software application or general use. A rule of, for example US$10 per annum is paid if a single application is to be used. An annual subscription of, for example US$120 per annum is charged for general use of software. Once this payment is made to the administrator the process continues at 318 as if the person was previously registered.

If the user wishes to use an application that is not pay-as-you-use enabled as indicated at 320, the software vendor will need to register the system with the administrators. If the software is registered it will proceed as indicated by 322. The software vendor may download website software as indicated by 324. If the software vendor is not registered with the administrator as indicated by 326 the vendor must register at 328. Once the vendor is registered the SAIL interface program can be downloaded at 330 and integrated into the vendor's software at 332.

Once the user is registered, the user must have credit available with the administrator. This is checked at 334. If they don't, as indicated by 336, they must purchase RTLs. If they have paid the vendor for usage as indicated by 338 the vendor must pass on the usage payment at 340 to the administrator, which will be credited as RTLs. Once the user has RTLs credited as indicated by 342 the user may use the software according to the present invention. When the software application is started the SAIL is activated at 344, as described above, with 344 being equivalent to 50 in FIGS. 4 and 5. The authorisation of the user is indicated by 346 being the equivalent of the OK message 64 in FIGS. 4 and 5. On-line usage reporting, indicated by 348, is equivalent to the recording of the logging in and consumption of RTLs. The user may then view their access usage and RTL consumption at a later stage. Even if the software is not charged for use, the software can be recorded and tracked.

The SAIL interface 16 may provide a “heart beat” function that periodically sends the SALMON system 22 a message to check that a connection between the two still exists. If the connection has dropped out, it may be re-established or the application terminated, depending on the security desired by the software vendor.

A list of SAIL Application Program Interface (API) system calls is listed in appendix 1. A more preferred list of SAIL API system calls is listed in appendix 2. A set of example scenarios showing the use of the SAIL 16 is included in appendix 3.

The SAIL interface as implemented as an Application Programmable Interface (API) library able to interface with the programming language of the software application. Programming methodologies like ActiveX or CORBA can be used to provide class wrappers around the system API library.

Now that the preferred embodiments have been described it will be clear to the skilled addressee that it has at least the following advantages. A locked software application may be provided to each user that is only able to be unlocked and used where the user purchases run time licenses which are consumed on a per use basis. This means that software does not need to be downloaded and may be provided on, for example, a floppy disk, CD-ROM or DVD ROM. The user only receives use of the software that they pay for and the user only has to pay for the actual use of the software.

It will be clear that modifications and variations can be made to the present invention, such as the implementation need not be exactly as described in the above mentioned example, the computer language that the underlying software is programmed in may be any suitable language, such as Java, C++ or Visual BASIC. The method of charging and/or billing for us of the run time licenses for the software may vary from those described above. It is also envisages that the present invention may be applicable to authorise specified users to access a program, rather than for payment of RTLs. Such a security measure to only allow certain personnel to access sensitive software applications and is able to track their use.

Such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the present invention, the nature of which is to be determined from the foregoing description. 

1. A method of authorising use of a computer program with an authorisation system, said method comprising: running an authorisation system on a server device; recording a first computer program identifier in a memory device accessible by the authorisation system, the first computer program identifier identifying a computer program, wherein the authorisation system is arranged and configured to authorise a user to use the computer program on a user computer, wherein the user is a person seeking use of the computer program; registering the user with the authorisation system; storing a first user identification in the memory device after registering the user; sending the first user identification across a network to the user from the server device; recording in the memory device an agreement that relates to a manner of authorised use of the computer program by the registered user; receiving at the server device a login request message from the user computer, the login request message including a second computer program identifier and a second user identification; verifying at the server device with the authorisation system the identity of the user from the user identification by determining that the first user identification recorded in the memory device matches the second user identification; determining that the second computer program identifier matches the first computer program identifier and checking the agreement recorded in the memory device to determine whether the user is authorised to use the computer program identified by the second computer program identifier; recording in the memory device the second user identification and the second computer identifier after receiving the login request message when the identity of the user is verified and when the user is authorised to use the computer program; sending across the network a message from the server device to the user computer indicating whether the user is authorised to use the computer program, wherein if the user is verified and authorised to use the computer program, then the message is an authorisation message that allows the user to use the computer program, otherwise the message is an authorisation denied message that does not allow the user to use the computer program; and receiving at the server device a request sent from the user computer to incur a charge for the use of the computer program after use of the computer program is allowed, wherein a quantity of the charge for use of the computer program and frequency of charging for use of the computer program is specified in the agreement for use of the computer program for the registered user, wherein the server device determines the charge for use of the computer program according to the quantity, frequency and duration of use of the computer program, for each instance of authorised use of the computer program.
 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the computer program is a sub-component of a software application.
 3. A method according to claim 2, wherein the login request message is sent to the authorisation system when the user requests to use the sub-component of the software application.
 4. A system according to claim 2, wherein the agreement specifies whether the user is permitted use of each the sub-component of the software application and the rate of charge for use of each subcomponent of the software application.
 5. A method according to claim 1, further comprising: receiving at the server device a use message from the user computer indicating that the computer program is being used after the authorisation message is sent to the user computer from the server device; and recording the use message against the identified user.
 6. A method according to claim 1, wherein the authorisation denied message includes information relating to the reason for denying use of the computer program.
 7. A method according to claim 1, wherein the agreement permits use of computer program by a class of user.
 8. A method according to claim 1, wherein an interface program running on the user computer signals the login request to the authorisation system on the server device.
 9. A method according to claim 8, wherein the communication between the interface program and the authorisation system is encrypted.
 10. A method according to claim 8, wherein the interface program is a separate program called by the computer program being authorised as part of the initialisation of the computer program.
 11. A method according to claim 8, wherein the interface program forms part of the computer program and is started when a user attempts to use the computer program.
 12. A method according to claim 8, wherein the interface program is part of an operating system and is started when a user attempts to use the computer program.
 13. A method according to claim 8, wherein the authorisation system is at a location remote from the user computer.
 14. A method according to claim 1, wherein the charge is recorded in program use units that operate as a currency for payment for the use of one or more computer programs.
 15. A method according to claim 14, wherein the rate at which program use units are charged for the use of the particular program is recorded in the authorisation system.
 16. A method according to claim 15, wherein the program use units are charged by the authorisation system upon receipt of the request to charge for use at the recorded rate.
 17. A method according to claim 1, wherein the request to the authorisation system to charge the user is sent once per specified period during the use of the computer program.
 18. A method according to claim 1, wherein messages sent between the interface program and the authorisation system includes a unique component that is only valid for that particular message.
 19. A method according to claim 1, wherein the user identification is obtained from the user by providing the user with a login prompt, the user entering the login identification provided by the authorisation system and the entered user identification being included in the login request.
 20. A method according to claim 1, wherein the authorisation system is configured to authorise and record use of a plurality of computer programs.
 21. A method according to claim 1, wherein the authorisation system is configured to authorise and record use of a plurality of users of the same computer program.
 22. A method according to claim 1, wherein the authorisation of use of the computer program ends when the computer program is terminated.
 23. A method according to claim 1, wherein a communication confirmation message is periodically sent to the authorisation system by the user computer after the user is authorized to use the computer program, and a reply message sent to the user computer from the authorisation system, whereby if the reply message is not received by the user computer within a certain amount of time, the user computer ends the authorisation wherein the reply message is configured to allow the authorisation of the user to use the computer program to continue for a further period of time.
 24. A method according to claim 23, wherein the duration of use of the computer program is determined based on when the reply message is not received within time.
 25. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: registering a distinct user wherein the distinct user is another person; storing a third user identification in the memory device after registering the distinct user; sending the third user identification from the server device to the distinct user; recording in the memory device a second agreement that relates to the manner of authorised use of the computer program by the distinct user; receiving at the server device a second login request message from the same user computer including a third computer program identifier and a fourth user identification; verifying at the server device the identity of the distinct user by determining that the third user identification matches the fourth user identification; determining that the third computer program identifier matches the first computer program identifier and checking the second agreement recorded in the memory device to determine whether the distinct user is authorised to use the computer program identified by the third computer program identifier; recording in the memory device the fourth user identification and the third computer program identifier; sending across the network a message from the server device to the user computer indicating whether the distinct user is authorised to use the computer program, wherein if the second user is verified and authorised to use the requested computer program, then the message is an authorisation message that allows the user to use the computer program, otherwise the message is an authorisation denied message that does not allow the user to use the computer program.
 26. A method according to claim 25, wherein receiving at the server device a request sent from the user computer to incur a charge for the use of the computer program after use of the computer program is allowed, wherein a quantity of the charge for use of the computer program and frequency of charging for use of the computer program is specified in the second agreement for use of the computer program for the distinct user, wherein the server device determines the charge for use of the computer program according to the quantity, frequency and duration of use of the computer program, for each instance of authorised use of the computer program by the distinct user.
 27. A method according to claim 1, wherein the step of receiving at the server device a login request message further includes receiving a first user computer identifier for first instance of authorising use of the computer program and further includes receiving a second user computer identifier for a second instance of authorising use of the computer program, where the first user computer is different to the second user computer.
 28. A method according to claim 1, further comprising receiving at the server device a login request message from a second user computer including a third computer program identifier and a third user identification; verifying at the server device with the authorisation system the identity of the user from the user identification by determining that the first user identification recorded in memory device matches the third user identification; determining that the third computer program identifier matches the first computer program identifier and checking the agreement recorded in the memory device to determine whether the user is authorised to use the computer program identified by the third computer program identifier; recording in the memory device the third user identification and the third computer identifier after receiving the login request message when the identity of the user is verified and when the user is authorised to use the computer program; and sending across the network a message from the server device with the authorisation system to the second user computer indicating whether the user is authorised to use the computer program, wherein if the user is verified and authorised to use the requested computer program.
 29. A method of authorising use of a computer program using an authorisation system and an interface configured to pass messages between the computer program and the authorisation system, said method comprising: running the authorisation system on a server device; running the interface on a user computer on which the computer program is sought to be authorised; recording a first computer program identifier memory device accessible by the authorisation system, the computer program identifier identifying the computer program, wherein the authorisation system is arranged and configured to authorise a user to use the computer program on the user computer, wherein the user is a person seeking use of the computer program; registering a user with the authorisation system; sending a first user identification across a network to the user from the server device; recording in the server device an agreement that relates to a manner of authorised use of the computer program by the registered user; receiving at the interface a use request message initiated by a user to use the computer program, the user request message associated with a second identification; sending a login request message from the interface to the server device based on the use request message; receiving at the server device the login request message sent from the interface, the login request message including a second user identification received from the interface; verifying at the server device the identity of the user from the received second user identification by determining that the first user identification recorded in the server device matches the second user identification across the network, and if the identity of the user is verified, sending a login successful message across the network from the authorisation system to the interface; determining that the second computer program identifier matches the first computer program identifier and checking the agreement recorded in the memory of the authorisation system to determine whether the user is authorised to use the computer program identified by the second computer program identifier; recording in the server device the second user identification and the second computer identification after receiving the login successful message; sending across the network to the interface a message from the server device with the authorisation system to the user computer, wherein if the user is authorised to use the computer program the message is an authorisation message that allows the user to use the computer program, otherwise the message is an authorisation denied message that does not allow the user to use the computer program; and receiving at the server device a request sent from the user computer to incur a charge for the use of the computer program after use of the computer program is allowed, wherein a quantity of the charge for use of the computer program and frequency of charging for use of the computer program is specified in the agreement for use of the computer program for the registered user, wherein the server device determines the charge for use of the computer program according to the quantity, frequency and duration of use of the computer program, for each instance of authorised use of the computer program.
 30. A method according to claim 29, wherein if an authorisation denied message is sent to the computer program, then the interface determines how to proceed based on information relating to the reason for denying use of the computer program included in the authorising denied message.
 31. A distributed system for authorising use of a computer program, said system comprising: an authorisation system running on a server device, the authorisation server including a storage means for recording a first identifier of a computer program to be authorised for use, a first user identification and an agreement that relates to the authorised use of the computer program by a user, wherein the user is a person seeking use of a computer program; and a user computer for running the computer program connected to the authorisation system in a network, the user computer being configured to send a second identifier of the computer program and a second user identification to the authorisation system in a login request message when the user makes a request to use the computer program; the authorisation system being configured to verify the identity of the user by determining that the recorded first user identification matches the second user identification in the login request message, determine that the second computer program identifier matches the first computer program identifier and to check the agreement to determine whether the user is authorised to use the computer program identified by the second computer program identifier; the authorisation system being configured to record the information sent with the login request message after receiving the login request message, when the identification of the user is verified and when the user is authorised to use the computer program; the authorisation system being configured to send an authorisation message to the computer if the user is verified and authorised to use the computer program and otherwise send an authorisation denied message to the computer; the user computer being configured to prevent running of the user computer program unless an authorisation message is received and to terminate the use of the computer program when an authorisation denied message is received at the user computer; wherein the authorisation system is configured to receive a request sent from the user computer to incur a charge for the use of the computer program after the user is verified and authorised to use the computer program, wherein the agreement specifies a quantity of the charge for use of the computer program and frequency of charging for use of the computer program for use of the computer program for the registered user, and wherein the authorisation system is configured to determine the charge for use of the computer program according to the quantity, frequency and duration of use of the computer program, for each instance of authorised use of the computer program.
 32. A system according to claim 31, wherein the user computer is configured to send a request to the authorisation system to record a charge for the use of the computer program against the identified user for use of the computer program after the authorisation message is received at the user computer.
 33. A system according to claim 31, wherein the user computer is configured to send a request to the authorisation system to charge the user once per specified period during the use of the computer program.
 34. A system according to claim 31, wherein the user computer and the authorisation system are configured to include a unique component in the encrypted messages communicated therebetween.
 35. A system according to claim 31, wherein the user computer running the activated computer program also runs an interface program, that configures the computer to send the login request message to the authorisation system and also configures the computer to receive the authorisation message from the authorisation system and to allow continued use of the computer program upon receipt of the authorisation message.
 36. A system according to claim 31, wherein the authorisation system is configured to end the authorised use of the computer program when the computer program is terminated.
 37. A system according to claim 31, wherein the computer is configured to periodically send a communication confirmation message to the authorisation system, and to receive a reply message sent from the authorisation system, wherein the user computer is configured such that if a reply message is not received within a certain time, then the user computer is configured to end authorised use of the computer program.
 38. A system according to claim 37, wherein the authorisation system is configured to determine the duration of use of the computer program is determined based on when the reply message is not received within time.
 39. An authorisation system for authorising use of a computer program, the authorisation system comprising: a storage of user identifiers, which stores a user identifier for each user; a storage of agreements, each agreement comprising data representing a manner of authorised use of a computer program by a user represented by a respective one of the user identifiers, wherein each user is a person seeking use of a computer program; a server configured to lookup and retrieve agreements, wherein each agreement retrieved is based on a received computer program identifier and a received user identifier; an interface module associated with an installation of a computer program on a respective user computer which is activated upon a user seeking to use at least part of the installation of the computer program, the interface module being configured to login a user for identifying the user, by sending a user identifier and a computer program identifier to the server and the server checking the sent user identification against the respective user identifier stored in the user identifier storage, the interface module being further configured to allow use of the installation of the computer program by the user according to the details in a received authorisation message; and an authorisation module configured to access the retrieved agreement to determine whether the identified user is permitted to use the at least part of the computer program and in the event that the user is permitted the authorisation module is configured to send an authorisation message to the interface module, the authorisation message comprising details of the manner of use authorised according to the retrieved agreement wherein the server is configured to receive a request sent from the user computer to incur a charge for the use of the computer program after use of the computer program is allowed, wherein each agreement specifies a quantity of the charge for use of the computer program and frequency of charging for use of the computer program for use of the computer program for the respective registered user, and wherein the server device is configured to determine the charge for use of the computer program according to the quantity, frequency and duration of use of the computer program, for each instance of authorised use of the computer program.
 40. A method of authorising use of a computer program, the method comprising: storing a plurality of user identifiers, each user identifier representing a respective user, wherein each user is a person seeking use of a computer program; storing a plurality of agreements, each agreement comprising data representing a manner of authorised use of a computer program by a user; activating an interface module associated with an installation of a computer program when a user seeks to use at least part of the installation of the computer program; identifying a user using a login by sending a user identification across a network to a server and the server checking the sent user identification against the respective stored user identifier; sending a user identifier and an identifier of the computer program to a server; looking-up and retrieving by the server one of the agreements based on the received identifier of the computer program and the received user identification; accessing the retrieved agreement to determine whether the identified user is permitted to use the computer program, and in the event that the user is permitted, sending an authorisation message to the interface module, the authorisation message comprising details of the manner of use authorised according to the retrieved agreement; allowing use of the installation according to the details in the authorisation message; and receiving at the server a request sent from a user computer to incur a charge for the use of the computer program after use of the computer program is allowed, wherein a quantity of the charge for use of the computer program and frequency of charging for use of the computer program is specified in the respective agreement for use of the computer program for the user, wherein the server device determines the charge for use of the computer program according to the quantity, frequency and duration of use of the computer program, for each instance of authorised use of the computer program.
 41. A method of authorising use of a computer program, with an authorisation system, said method comprising: running an authorization system on a server device; recording a first computer program identifier in a memory device accessible by the authorisation system, the first computer program identifier identifying a computer program, wherein the authorisation system is arranged and configured to authorise a user to use the computer program on a user computer, wherein the user is a person seeking use of the computer program; registering the user with the authorisation system; storing a first user identification in the memory device after registering the user; sending the first user identification across a network to the user from the server device; recording in the memory device and agreement that relates to a manner of authorised use of the computer program by the registered user; receiving at the server device a login request message from the user computer, the login request message including a second computer program identifier and a second user identification; verifying at the server device with the authorisation system the identity of the user from the user identification by determining that the first user identification recorded in the memory device matches the second user identification; determining that the second computer program identifier matches the first computer program identifier and checking the agreement recorded in the memory device to determine whether the user is authorised to use the computer program identified by the second computer program identifier; recording in the memory device the second user identification and the second computer identifier after receiving the login request message; when the identity of the user is verified and when the user is authorised to use the computer program; sending across the network a message from the server device to the user computer indicating whether the requesting user is permitted to use the requested computer program, wherein if the user is verified and authorised to use the computer program, then the message is an authorisation message that allows the user to use the computer program, otherwise the message is an authorisation denied message that does not allow the user to use the computer program, sending to the server device a request sent from the user computer to incur a charge for the use of the computer program after use of the computer program is allowed, wherein a quantity of the charge for use of the computer program and frequency of charging for use of the computer program is specified in the agreement for use of the computer program for the registered user, wherein the server device determines the charge for use of the computer program according to the quantity, frequency and duration of use of the computer program, for each instance of authorised use of the computer program: receiving a connection maintained message periodically sent to the authorisation system by the user computer after the computer program is authorised for use; and sending a connection reply message from the authorisation system to the user computer upon receipt of the connection maintained message, wherein the reply is configured such that if the connection reply message is not received within an expected time frame, then authorisation of the computer program ends, wherein each connection maintained message and each connection reply message comprise a unique component that is only valid for a single use.
 42. A method of authorising use of a computer program, with an authorisation system, said method comprising: running an authorisation system interface on a user computer when a user seeking to use a computer program on the user computer attempts to use the computer program; sending a login request message from the interface across a network to an authorisation system running on a remote server device, the login request message including a computer program identifier and a second user identification, the first computer program identifier identifying the computer program; recording in the memory device an agreement that relates to a manner of authorised use of the computer programs by the registered user; receiving at the interface a logged-in message from the authorisation system when the authorisation system has validated the identity of the user from the login request message and determined that the identified user is authorised to use the computer program; sending a run time message from the interface to the authorised system according to a parameter of the computer program when the logged-in message is received; receiving an authorisation message at the interface from the authorisation system allowing the user to use the computer program when the user is verified and authorised to use the requested computer program, otherwise an authorisation denied message is received that does not allow the user to use the computer program; and sending to the remote server device a request sent from the user computer to incur a charge for the use of the computer program after use of the computer program is allowed, wherein a quantity of the charge for use of the computer program and frequency of charging for use of the computer program is specified in the agreement for use of the computer program for the registered user, wherein the server device determines the charge for use of the computer program according to the quantity, frequency and duration of use of the computer program, for each instance of authorised use of the computer program.
 43. A server system for authorising use of a computer program on a user computer, with a said server system comprising: an authorisation system arranged and configured to authorise a user to use a computer program on a user computer, wherein the user is a person seeking use of the computer program; a memory device for recording a first computer program identifier, the first computer program identifier identifying the computer program; a registration module configured to register the user with the authorisation system to store a first user identification in the memory device after registering the user; and send the first user identification across a network to the user; an agreement recording module configured to record in the memory device an agreement that relates to a manner of authorised use of the computer program by the registered user; a receiver for receiving at the authorisation system a login request message including a second computer program identifier and a second user identification; a verification module configured to verify the identity of the user from the user identification by determining that the first user identification recorded in the memory device matches the received second user identification; an agreement checking module configured to determine that the second computer program identifier matches the first computer program identifier and check the agreement recorded in the memory device to determine whether the user is authorised to use the computer program identified by the second computer program identifier; a logged-in recording module configured to record in the memory device the second user identification and the second computer identifier after receiving the login request message and when the identity of the user is verified and authorised to use the computer program; and when the identity of the user is verified and authorised to use the computer program; and a transmitter for sending across the network a message from the server system with the authorisation system to the user computer indicating whether the user is authorised to use the computer program, wherein if the user is verified and authorised to use the requested computer program, then the message is an authorisation message that allows the user to use the computer program, otherwise the message is an authorisation denied message that does not allow the user to use the computer program; wherein the server system is configured to receive a request sent from the user computer to incur a charge for the use of the computer program after use of the computer program is allowed, wherein a quantity of the charge for use of the computer program and frequency of charging for use of the computer program is specified in the agreement for use of the computer program for the registered user, wherein the server system determines the charge for use of the computer program according to the quantity, frequency and duration of use of the computer program, for each instance of authorised use of the computer program. 